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In the Hoffman-Kim Lab, we use primary postnatal rat cortical cells to generate in-vitro 3D neural cortical

spheroids consisting of electrically active cortical neurons and glial cells highly comparable to in-vivo

microenvironments (a.k.a mini-brains). Combining cell culture, immunohistochemistry, and confocal

imaging, we have been able to take advantage of these 3D spheroid microenvironments to study and

characterise cortical function following ischemic injury, glioblastoma, traumatic brain injury, and more!